Ensure that you are familiar with the following key terms and phrases used in the IBDP Geography examinations. These definitions are those laid out by the International Baccalaureate. See page 77 of the specification for the associated assessment objectives.
Analyse
Break down in order to bring out the essential elements or structure.
Annotate
Add brief notes to a diagram or graph.
Classify
Arrange or order by class or category.
Compare
Give an account of the similarities between two (or more) items or situations, referring to both (all) of them throughout.
Compare and contrast
Give an account of similarities and differences between two (or more) items or situations, referring to both (all) of them throughout.
Construct
Display information in a diagrammatic or logical form.
Contrast
Give an account of the differences between two (or more) items or situations, referring to both (all) of them throughout.
Define
Give the precise meaning of a word, phrase, concept or physical quantity.
Describe
Give a detailed account.
Determine
Obtain the only possible answer.
Discuss
Offer a considered and balanced review that includes a range of arguments, factors or hypotheses. Opinions or conclusions should be presented clearly and supported by appropriate evidence.
Distinguish
Make clear the differences between two or more concepts or items.
Draw
Represent by means of a labelled, accurate diagram or graph, using a pencil. A ruler (straight edge) should be used for straight lines. Diagrams should be drawn to scale. Graphs should have points correctly plotted (if appropriate) and joined in a straight line or smooth curve.
Estimate
Obtain an approximate value.
Evaluate
Make an appraisal by weighing up the strengths and limitations.
Examine
Consider an argument or concept in a way that uncovers the assumptions and interrelationships of the issue.
Explain
Give a detailed account including reasons or causes.
Identify
Provide an answer from a number of possibilities.
Justify
Give valid reasons or evidence to support an answer or conclusion.
Label
Add labels to a diagram.
Outline
Give a brief account or summary.
State
Give a specific name, value or other brief answer without explanation or calculation.
Suggest
Propose a solution, hypothesis or other possible answer.
To what extent
Consider the merits or otherwise of an argument or concept. Opinions and conclusions should be presented clearly and supported with empirical evidence and sound argument.